The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 17, sentence 9
But instead of allowing himself to be set upon his feet (even now it makes me laugh to think of it!), this creature who had seemed to me so decrepit leaped nimbly upon my shoulders, and hooking his legs round my neck gripped me so tightly that I was well-nigh choked, and so overcome with terror that I fell insensible to the ground.
Who acts: creature, bank, me, hooking, terror · What happens: allow, set, make, laugh, think, have · To what, where: man, feet, me, decrepit, shoulders, legs
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (creature, bank, me, hooking), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 allowing | cc |
| 2 | instead | instead | ADV | ExtPos=SCONJ | 4 allowing | mark |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 2 instead | fixed |
| 4 | allowing | allow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 30 seemed | advcl |
| 5 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 4 allowing | obj |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 set | mark |
| 7 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 8 set | aux:pass |
| 8 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 allowing | ccomp |
| 9 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 11 feet | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 feet | nmod:poss |
| 11 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 set | obl |
| 12 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 16 makes | punct |
| 13 | even | even | ADV | _ | 14 now | advmod |
| 14 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 16 makes | advmod |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 makes | nsubj |
| 16 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 set | parataxis |
| 17 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 makes | obj |
| 18 | laugh | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 makes | xcomp |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 think | mark |
| 20 | think | think | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 laugh | xcomp |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 it | case |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 think | obl |
| 23 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 18 laugh | punct |
| 24 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 16 makes | punct |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 allowing | punct |
| 26 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 27 creature | det |
| 27 | creature | creature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 seemed | nsubj |
| 28 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 had | nsubj |
| 29 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 creature | acl:relcl |
| 30 | seemed | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 32 me | case |
| 32 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 seemed | obl |
| 33 | so | so | SCONJ | _ | 34 decrepit | case |
| 34 | decrepit | decrepit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 seemed | obl |
| 35 | leaped | leap | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 decrepit | acl |
| 36 | nimbly | nimbly | ADV | _ | 35 leaped | advmod |
| 37 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 39 shoulders | case |
| 38 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 39 shoulders | nmod:poss |
| 39 | shoulders | shoulder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 leaped | obl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 gripped | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 gripped | cc |
| 42 | hooking | hook | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 48 gripped | csubj |
| 43 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 legs | nmod:poss |
| 44 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 hooking | obj |
| 45 | round | round | ADP | _ | 47 neck | case |
| 46 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 neck | nmod:poss |
| 47 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 hooking | obl |
| 48 | gripped | grip | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 seemed | conj |
| 49 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 48 gripped | obj |
| 50 | so | so | ADV | _ | 51 tightly | advmod |
| 51 | tightly | tightly | ADV | _ | 48 gripped | advmod |
| 52 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 58 choked | mark |
| 53 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 58 choked | nsubj |
| 54 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 58 choked | aux:pass |
| 55 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 58 choked | advmod |
| 56 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 55 well | punct |
| 57 | nigh | nigh | ADV | _ | 58 choked | advmod |
| 58 | choked | choke | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 48 gripped | advcl |
| 59 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 64 terror | punct |
| 60 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 64 terror | cc |
| 61 | so | so | ADV | _ | 62 overcome | advmod |
| 62 | overcome | overcome | ADV | _ | 64 terror | advmod |
| 63 | with | with | ADP | _ | 64 terror | case |
| 64 | terror | terror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 seemed | parataxis |
| 65 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 67 fell | nsubj |
| 66 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 67 fell | nsubj |
| 67 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 64 terror | acl:relcl |
| 68 | insensible | insensible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 67 fell | xcomp |
| 69 | to | to | ADP | _ | 71 ground | case |
| 70 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 71 ground | det |
| 71 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 67 fell | obl |
| 72 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 30 seemed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | allow | gerund | this creature not said here | man | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer himself=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | set not said to happen | to-infinitive · passive | this creature not said here | man's feet | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: upon foot=Destination | ||||
| 3 | make | present | bank | me | now | tree rules | |||
| 4 | laugh | infinitive | me not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | think speech: other | to-infinitive | me not said here | of bank | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | have | past | this creature | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | seem | past | this creature | me | so decrepit | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme | |||
| 8 | leap | participle | decrepit not said here | my shoulders | nimbly property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon shoulder=Trajectory | |||
| 9 | hook | gerund | man's legs | my neck | vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent leg=Theme round neck=Destination | ||||
| 10 | grip | past | hooking | me | tightly property | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Experiencer | |||
| 11 | choke | past · passive | I | nigh, well property | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination | ||||
| 12 | fall | past | terror | to the ground; insensible property | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to ground=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/17/9/