The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 18, sentence 85
Then, recovering myself, I looked about me, and found that I was standing upon the side of a great hill, strewn as far as I could see on either hand with bones and tusks of elephants. "
Who acts: I · What happens: recover, look, find, stand, see · To what, where: myself, side, hand
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 recovering | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Then | punct |
| 3 | recovering | recover | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 looked | advcl |
| 4 | myself | myself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 3 recovering | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 recovering | punct |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 looked | nsubj |
| 7 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | about | about | ADP | _ | 9 me | case |
| 9 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 looked | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 found | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 found | cc |
| 12 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 looked | conj |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 16 standing | mark |
| 14 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 standing | nsubj |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 standing | aux |
| 16 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 found | advcl |
| 17 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 19 side | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 side | det |
| 19 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 standing | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 hill | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 hill | det |
| 22 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 hill | amod |
| 23 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 side | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 strewn | punct |
| 25 | strewn | strewn | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 hill | amod |
| 26 | as | as | ADV | _ | 27 far | advmod |
| 27 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 25 strewn | advmod |
| 28 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 31 see | mark |
| 29 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 see | nsubj |
| 30 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 see | aux |
| 31 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 far | advcl |
| 32 | on | on | ADP | _ | 34 hand | case |
| 33 | either | either | DET | PronType=Ind | 34 hand | det |
| 34 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 see | obl |
| 35 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 bones | case |
| 36 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 see | obl |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 tusks | cc |
| 38 | tusks | tusk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 bones | conj |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 elephants | case |
| 40 | elephants | elephant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 tusks | nmod |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 looked | punct |
| 42 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | recover | gerund | I not said here | myself | then | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent myself=Theme | |||
| 2 | look | past | I | about me | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent about i=Theme | ||||
| 3 | find | past | I not said here | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | stand | past · progressive | I | the side of a great hill | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon side=Location | ||||
| 5 | see | could | I | either hand | with bones and tusks of elephants | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/18/85/