The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 29, sentence 23
Noureddin letting her go, seized Saouy's horse by the bridle, and, encouraged by the applause of the bystanders, dragged him to the ground, beat him severely, and left him in the gutter streaming with blood.
Who acts: Noureddin, gutter · What happens: let, go, seize, encourage, drag, beat · To what, where: horse, Noureddin, ground, gutter
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 29. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Noureddin, gutter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Noureddin | Noureddin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 seized | nsubj |
| 2 | letting | let | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 1 Noureddin | acl |
| 3 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 go | nmod:poss |
| 4 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 letting | xcomp |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Noureddin | punct |
| 6 | seized | seize | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | Saouy | Saouy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 horse | nmod:poss |
| 8 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 7 Saouy | case |
| 9 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 seized | obj |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 bridle | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 bridle | det |
| 12 | bridle | bridle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 seized | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 encouraged | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 encouraged | cc |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 encouraged | punct |
| 16 | encouraged | encourage | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 seized | conj |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 applause | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 applause | det |
| 19 | applause | applause | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 encouraged | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 bystanders | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 bystanders | det |
| 22 | bystanders | bystander | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 applause | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 dragged | punct |
| 24 | dragged | drag | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 seized | conj |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 dragged | obj |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 ground | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 ground | det |
| 28 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 dragged | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 beat | punct |
| 30 | beat | beat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 dragged | advcl |
| 31 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 beat | obj |
| 32 | severely | severely | ADV | _ | 30 beat | advmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 left | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 left | cc |
| 35 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 seized | conj |
| 36 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 left | obj |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 gutter | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 gutter | det |
| 39 | gutter | gutter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 left | obl |
| 40 | streaming | stream | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 39 gutter | acl |
| 41 | with | with | ADP | _ | 42 blood | case |
| 42 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 streaming | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 seized | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | let | gerund | Noureddin not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | go | infinitive | Noureddin not said here | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | seize | past | Noureddin | Saouy's horse | by the bridle | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme | |||
| 4 | encourage | participle | Noureddin not said here | by the applause of the bystanders | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | drag | past | Noureddin not said here | Noureddin | the ground | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme to ground=Destination | |||
| 6 | beat | infinitive | Noureddin not said here | Noureddin | severely property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location he=Theme | |||
| 7 | leave | past | Noureddin not said here | Noureddin | the gutter | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent he=Theme in gutter=Location | |||
| 8 | stream | gerund | the gutter not said here | with blood | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with blood=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/29/23/