The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 38, sentence 49
I crept down the little staircase, and made directly for a light which I perceived through an open door--I peeped cautiously in, and saw, as you will guess, the eunuchs lying asleep on the floor.
Who acts: I, you, eunuchs · What happens: creep, make, perceive, peep, see, guess · To what, where: little staircase, light, open door, eunuchs, floor
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, you, eunuchs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 crept | nsubj |
| 2 | crept | creep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | down | down | ADP | _ | 6 staircase | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 staircase | det |
| 5 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 staircase | amod |
| 6 | staircase | staircase | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 crept | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 made | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 made | cc |
| 9 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 crept | conj |
| 10 | directly | directly | ADV | _ | 9 made | advmod |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 light | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 light | det |
| 13 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 made | obl |
| 14 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 perceived | obj |
| 15 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 perceived | nsubj |
| 16 | perceived | perceive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 light | acl:relcl |
| 17 | through | through | ADP | _ | 20 door | case |
| 18 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 door | det |
| 19 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 door | amod |
| 20 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 perceived | obl |
| 21 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 23 peeped | punct |
| 22 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 peeped | nsubj |
| 23 | peeped | peep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 crept | conj |
| 24 | cautiously | cautiously | ADV | _ | 23 peeped | advmod |
| 25 | in | in | ADV | _ | 23 peeped | advmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 saw | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 saw | cc |
| 28 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 crept | parataxis |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 guess | punct |
| 30 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 33 guess | mark |
| 31 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 33 guess | nsubj |
| 32 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 guess | aux |
| 33 | guess | guess | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 saw | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 eunuchs | punct |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 eunuchs | det |
| 36 | eunuchs | eunuch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 guess | obj |
| 37 | lying | lie | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 36 eunuchs | acl |
| 38 | asleep | asleep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 lying | xcomp |
| 39 | on | on | ADP | _ | 41 floor | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 floor | det |
| 41 | floor | floor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 lying | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 crept | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | creep | past | I | the little staircase | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme down staircase=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | make | past | I not said here | for a light; directly property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent for light=Asset | ||||
| 3 | perceive | past | I | a light | a open door | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer which=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | peep | past | I | cautiously property | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | see | past | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 6 | guess | future | you | the eunuchs | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eunuch=Theme | ||||
| 7 | lie | gerund | the eunuchs not said here | the floor | asleep property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on floor=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/38/49/