The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 38, sentence 82
I am sure you will understand my position, and will feel that to remain away one instant longer than is necessary would not only be ungrateful on my part, but perhaps even a crime, for how do I know if my absence may not break his heart?
Who acts: I, you, absence, my · What happens: be, understand, feel, remain away, not be, know · To what, where: position, part, heart
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, you, absence, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 sure | nsubj |
| 2 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 sure | cop |
| 3 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 understand | nsubj |
| 5 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 understand | aux |
| 6 | understand | understand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 sure | ccomp |
| 7 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 position | nmod:poss |
| 8 | position | position | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 understand | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 feel | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 feel | cc |
| 11 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 feel | aux |
| 12 | feel | feel | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 3 sure | parataxis |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 remain | mark |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 remain | mark |
| 15 | remain | remain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 feel | ccomp |
| 16 | away | away | ADV | _ | 15 remain | advmod |
| 17 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 instant | nummod |
| 18 | instant | instant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 feel | parataxis |
| 19 | longer | long | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 22 necessary | advmod |
| 20 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 22 necessary | mark |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 necessary | cop |
| 22 | necessary | necessary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 feel | conj |
| 23 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 necessary | aux |
| 24 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 27 ungrateful | advmod |
| 25 | only | only | ADV | _ | 27 ungrateful | advmod |
| 26 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 27 ungrateful | cop |
| 27 | ungrateful | ungrateful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 would | amod |
| 28 | on | on | ADP | _ | 30 part | case |
| 29 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 part | nmod:poss |
| 30 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 ungrateful | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 crime | punct |
| 32 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 36 crime | cc |
| 33 | perhaps | perhaps | ADV | _ | 36 crime | advmod |
| 34 | even | even | ADV | _ | 36 crime | advmod |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 crime | det |
| 36 | crime | crime | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 feel | conj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 know | punct |
| 38 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 42 know | mark |
| 39 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 42 know | advmod |
| 40 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 42 know | aux |
| 41 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 42 know | nsubj |
| 42 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 feel | parataxis |
| 43 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 48 break | mark |
| 44 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 45 absence | nmod:poss |
| 45 | absence | absence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 break | nsubj |
| 46 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 48 break | aux |
| 47 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 48 break | advmod |
| 48 | break | break | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 42 know | advcl |
| 49 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 50 heart | nmod:poss |
| 50 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 break | obj |
| 51 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 sure | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | I | sure property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | understand | future | you | my position | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer position=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | feel | future | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | remain away | to-infinitive | away property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | is | would · present | long, necessary property | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | not is | infinitive | my part | ungrateful property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | know | present · do-support | I | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 8 | not break a condition, not said to happen | may | my absence | father's heart | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer heart=Patient | ||||
| 9 | absent | my | nom absence «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/38/82/