The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 39, sentence 81
He then lost no time in going to the palace, where he obtained an audience of the chief usher, and while apologising for his boldness in presuming to think that he could cure the princess, where so many others had failed, declared that he had the secret of certain remedies, which had hitherto never failed of their effect.
Who acts: rest, time, many others, certain remedies, others · What happens: lose, go, obtain, apologise, presume, think · To what, where: palace, audience, princess, secret · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 39. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rest, time, many others, certain remedies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 lost | nsubj |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 lost | advmod |
| 3 | lost | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 5 time | det |
| 5 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lost | obj |
| 6 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 7 going | mark |
| 7 | going | go | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 time | acl |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 palace | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 palace | det |
| 10 | palace | palace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 going | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 obtained | punct |
| 12 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 14 obtained | advmod |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 obtained | nsubj |
| 14 | obtained | obtain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 palace | acl:relcl |
| 15 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 audience | det |
| 16 | audience | audience | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 obtained | obj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 usher | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 usher | det |
| 19 | chief | chief | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 usher | amod |
| 20 | usher | usher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 audience | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 declared | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 declared | cc |
| 23 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 24 apologising | mark |
| 24 | apologising | apologise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 46 declared | advcl |
| 25 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 boldness | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 boldness | nmod:poss |
| 27 | boldness | boldness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 apologising | obl |
| 28 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 29 presuming | mark |
| 29 | presuming | presume | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 apologising | advcl |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 think | mark |
| 31 | think | think | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 presuming | xcomp |
| 32 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 35 cure | mark |
| 33 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 cure | nsubj |
| 34 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 35 cure | aux |
| 35 | cure | cure | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 think | ccomp |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 princess | det |
| 37 | princess | princess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 cure | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 failed | punct |
| 39 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 44 failed | advmod |
| 40 | so | so | ADV | _ | 41 many | advmod |
| 41 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 others | amod |
| 42 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 failed | nsubj |
| 43 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 failed | aux |
| 44 | failed | fail | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 37 princess | acl:relcl |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 apologising | punct |
| 46 | declared | declare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 lost | conj |
| 47 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 49 had | mark |
| 48 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 had | nsubj |
| 49 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 declared | ccomp |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 secret | det |
| 51 | secret | secret | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 had | obj |
| 52 | of | of | ADP | _ | 54 remedies | case |
| 53 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 54 remedies | amod |
| 54 | remedies | remedy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 secret | nmod |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 had | punct |
| 56 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 57 had | nsubj |
| 57 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 54 remedies | acl:relcl |
| 58 | hitherto | hitherto | ADV | _ | 60 failed | advmod |
| 59 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 60 failed | advmod |
| 60 | failed | fail | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 57 had | ccomp |
| 61 | of | of | ADP | _ | 63 effect | case |
| 62 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 63 effect | nmod:poss |
| 63 | effect | effect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 failed | obl |
| 64 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 lost | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lose | past | rest | then; time | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | go | gerund | no time not said here | the palace | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to palace=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | obtain | past | rest | a audience of the chief usher | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent audience=Theme | ||||
| 4 | apologise speech: apologize | gerund | for rest's boldness | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | presume | gerund | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | think speech: other | to-infinitive | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||||
| 7 | cure | could | rest | the princess | vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer princess=Source | ||||
| 8 | fail | past · perfect | many others | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 9 | declare speech: other | past | rest not said here | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 10 | have | past | rest | the secret of certain remedies | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent secret=Patient | ||||
| 11 | have | past | certain remedies | tree rules | |||||
| 12 | not fail | past | certain remedies not said here | of others's effect; hitherto property | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 13 | effect | others = other | nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/39/81/