The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 40, sentence 35
Then he crossed his hands over his breast, and with lowered eyes walked three times round the horse, muttering the while certain words.
Who acts: horse, lowered eyes · What happens: cross, lower, walk, mutter · To what, where: hands, breast, certain words
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 40. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horse, lowered eyes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 crossed | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 crossed | nsubj |
| 3 | crossed | cross | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 hands | nmod:poss |
| 5 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 crossed | obj |
| 6 | over | over | ADP | _ | 8 breast | case |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 breast | nmod:poss |
| 8 | breast | breast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 crossed | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 walked | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 walked | cc |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 eyes | case |
| 12 | lowered | lower | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 eyes | amod |
| 13 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 walked | nsubj |
| 14 | walked | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 crossed | conj |
| 15 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 times | nummod |
| 16 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 walked | obl:unmarked |
| 17 | round | round | ADP | _ | 19 horse | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 horse | det |
| 19 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 walked | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 muttering | punct |
| 21 | muttering | mutter | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 walked | advcl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 while | det |
| 23 | while | while | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 muttering | obj |
| 24 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 words | amod |
| 25 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 muttering | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 crossed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cross | past | horse | horse's hands | horse's breast | then | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient | ||
| 2 | lower | participle | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | walk | past | lowered eyes | time | round the horse | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme round horse=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | mutter speech: assert | gerund | lowered eyes not said here | certain words | while | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/40/35/