The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 40, sentence 43
Passing down a lonely street, the Sultan heard women's voices in loud discussion; and peeping through a crack in the door, he saw three sisters, sitting on a sofa in a large hall, talking in a very lively and earnest manner.
Who acts: Sultan · What happens: pass down, hear, peep, see, sit, talk · To what, where: lonely street, voices, loud discussion, three sisters, sofa, lively
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 40. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sultan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Passing | pass | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 heard | advcl |
| 2 | down | down | ADP | _ | 1 Passing | compound:prt |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 street | det |
| 4 | lonely | lonely | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 street | amod |
| 5 | street | street | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Passing | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Passing | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Sultan | det |
| 8 | Sultan | Sultan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 heard | nsubj |
| 9 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 voices | nmod:poss |
| 11 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 10 women | case |
| 12 | voices | voice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 heard | obj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 discussion | case |
| 14 | loud | loud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 discussion | amod |
| 15 | discussion | discussion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 heard | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 peeping | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 peeping | cc |
| 18 | peeping | peep | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 heard | advcl |
| 19 | through | through | ADP | _ | 21 crack | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 crack | det |
| 21 | crack | crack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 peeping | obl |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 door | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 door | det |
| 24 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 peeping | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 saw | punct |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 saw | nsubj |
| 27 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 heard | parataxis |
| 28 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 29 sisters | nummod |
| 29 | sisters | sister | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 saw | obj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 sitting | punct |
| 31 | sitting | sit | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 27 saw | conj |
| 32 | on | on | ADP | _ | 34 sofa | case |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 sofa | det |
| 34 | sofa | sofa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 sitting | obl |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 hall | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 hall | det |
| 37 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 hall | amod |
| 38 | hall | hall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 sitting | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 talking | punct |
| 40 | talking | talk | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 31 sitting | conj |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 44 lively | case |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 44 lively | det |
| 43 | very | very | ADV | _ | 44 lively | advmod |
| 44 | lively | lively | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 talking | obl |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 manner | cc |
| 46 | earnest | earn | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 47 manner | amod |
| 47 | manner | manner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 lively | conj |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass down | gerund | the Sultan not said here | a lonely street | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hear | past | the Sultan | women's voices | loud discussion | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | peep | gerund | the Sultan not said here | in the door; through a crack | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through crack=Theme | ||||
| 4 | see | past | Sultan | three sisters | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sister=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | sit | gerund | Sultan not said here | a sofa | in a large hall | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on sofa=Location | |||
| 6 | talk | gerund | Sultan not said here | a lively and earnest manner | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/40/43/