The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 42, sentence 82
At last she perceived in the distance the cage and the bird, whose voice joined itself in tones of thunder to those of the rest: "Return, return! never dare to come near me."
Who acts: princess, voice, Return · What happens: perceive, join, not dare, not come, intonate · To what, where: last, cage, tones, thunder · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 42. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princess, voice, Return), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 last | case |
| 2 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 perceived | obl |
| 3 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 perceived | nsubj |
| 4 | perceived | perceive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 distance | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 distance | det |
| 7 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 perceived | obl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 cage | det |
| 9 | cage | cage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 distance | nmod:unmarked |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 bird | cc |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 bird | det |
| 12 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 cage | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 joined | punct |
| 14 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 15 voice | nmod:poss |
| 15 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 joined | nsubj |
| 16 | joined | join | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 cage | conj |
| 17 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 16 joined | obj |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 tones | case |
| 19 | tones | tone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 joined | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 thunder | case |
| 21 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 tones | nmod |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 those | case |
| 23 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 21 thunder | nmod |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 rest | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 rest | det |
| 26 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 those | nmod |
| 27 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 29 Return | punct |
| 28 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 Return | punct |
| 29 | Return | return | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 dare | nsubj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 return | punct |
| 31 | return | return | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 Return | conj |
| 32 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 29 Return | punct |
| 33 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 34 dare | advmod |
| 34 | dare | dare | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 tones | parataxis |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 come | mark |
| 36 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 dare | xcomp |
| 37 | near | near | ADP | _ | 38 me | case |
| 38 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 36 come | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 perceived | punct |
| 40 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 perceived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | perceive | past | princess | last | in the distance the cage and the bird | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 2 | join | past | voice | cage | tones of thunder to those | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Patient | |||
| 3 | not dare in a quote | infinitive | Return and return | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | not come in a quote | to-infinitive | Return and return not said here | near echoes = echo | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near i=Location | ||||
| 5 | intonate | thunder to those | nom tone «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/42/82/