The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 8, sentence 32
I also learnt history, and was instructed in poetry, versification, geography, chronology, and in all the outdoor exercises in which every prince should excel.
Who acts: I, prince · What happens: learn, instruct, excel · To what, where: history, outdoor exercises, poetry
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, prince), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 learnt | nsubj |
| 2 | also | also | ADV | _ | 3 learnt | advmod |
| 3 | learnt | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 learnt | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 instructed | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 instructed | cc |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 instructed | aux:pass |
| 8 | instructed | instruct | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 learnt | conj |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 poetry | case |
| 10 | poetry | poetry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 instructed | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 versification | punct |
| 12 | versification | versification | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 poetry | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 geography | punct |
| 14 | geography | geography | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 poetry | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 chronology | punct |
| 16 | chronology | chronology | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 poetry | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 exercises | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 exercises | cc |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 exercises | case |
| 20 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 23 exercises | det:predet |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 exercises | det |
| 22 | outdoor | outdoor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 exercises | amod |
| 23 | exercises | exercise | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 learnt | obl |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 which | case |
| 25 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 excel | obl |
| 26 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 27 prince | det |
| 27 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 excel | nsubj |
| 28 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 excel | aux |
| 29 | excel | excel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 exercises | acl:relcl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 learnt | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | learn | past | I | history | all outdoor exercises | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent history=Topic | |||
| 2 | instruct speech: other | past · passive | I not said here | poetry and versification and geography and chronology | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic» | ||||
| 3 | excel | should | every prince | all outdoor exercises | vn succeed-74-1 «NP V PP.eventuality S_ING»: agent=Agent in which=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/8/32/