More English Fairy Tales, More English Fairy Tales, part 3, sentence 60

Tom touched his hat, and began to think what he ought to say. "

Who acts: Tom · What happens: touch, begin, think, say · To what, where: hat · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, More English Fairy Tales, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tom), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 touched	nsubj
2	touched	touch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 hat	nmod:poss
4	hat	hat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 touched	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 began	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 began	cc
7	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 touched	conj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 think	mark
9	think	think	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 began	xcomp
10	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	14 say	obj
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 say	nsubj
12	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 say	aux
13	to	to	PART	_	14 say	mark
14	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 think	ccomp
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 touched	punct
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 touched	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	touch	past	Tom	Tom's hat	vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hat=Co-Theme
2	begin	past	Tom not said here		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	think speech: other	to-infinitive	Tom not said here		vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	say speech: assert	ought	Tom		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 14241 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg14241/17/60/