The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 17, sentence 62

Outside the clearing he could hear them crashing in the undergrowth as they worked their way up the hillside, but as soon as they were within the circle of the tree trunks they moved like ghosts.

Who acts: head, fingers · What happens: hear, crash, work, be, move · To what, where: fingers, undergrowth, way, tree trunks

This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (head, fingers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Outside	outside	ADP	_	3 clearing	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 clearing	det
3	clearing	clearing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hear	obl
4	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 hear	nsubj
5	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 hear	aux
6	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 hear	obj
8	crashing	crash	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 hear	xcomp
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 undergrowth	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 undergrowth	det
11	undergrowth	undergrowth	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 crashing	obl
12	as	as	SCONJ	_	14 worked	mark
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 worked	nsubj
14	worked	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 hear	advcl
15	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 way	nmod:poss
16	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 worked	obj
17	up	up	ADP	_	19 hillside	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 hillside	det
19	hillside	hillside	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 worked	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 circle	punct
21	but	but	CCONJ	_	29 circle	cc
22	as	as	ADV	_	23 soon	advmod
23	soon	soon	ADV	Degree=Pos	29 circle	advmod
24	as	as	ADP	_	29 circle	case
25	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 circle	nsubj
26	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	29 circle	cop
27	within	within	ADP	_	29 circle	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 circle	det
29	circle	circle	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 worked	obl
30	of	of	ADP	_	33 trunks	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 trunks	det
32	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 trunks	compound
33	trunks	trunk	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 circle	nmod
34	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 moved	nsubj
35	moved	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	33 trunks	acl:relcl
36	like	like	ADP	_	37 ghosts	case
37	ghosts	ghost	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 moved	obl
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 hear	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	hear	could	head	fingers = finger		outside the clearing	tree rules
2	crash	gerund	fingers = finger not said here		the undergrowth		vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in undergrowth=Location
3	work	past	fingers = finger	fingers's way		up the hillside	vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent way=Material
4	is	past	fingers = finger			as the circle; of the tree trunks; soon property	tree rules
5	move	past	fingers = finger	the tree trunks not said here		like ghosts	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent trunk=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/17/62/