The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 20, sentence 75
“Because we’re told to,” said the troop-horse, with a snort of contempt.
Who acts: troop horse, contempt · What happens: tell, say, snort · To what, where: we · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (troop horse, contempt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
| 2 | Because | because | SCONJ | _ | 5 told | mark |
| 3 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 told | nsubj |
| 4 | ’re | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 told | aux:pass |
| 5 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 said | advcl |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 told | xcomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 told | punct |
| 8 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 told | punct |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 horse | det |
| 11 | troop | troop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 horse | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 troop | punct |
| 13 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 said | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 snort | punct |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 snort | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 snort | det |
| 17 | snort | snort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 said | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 contempt | case |
| 19 | contempt | contempt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 snort | nmod |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert in a quote | present · passive | we | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the troop horse | with a snort of contempt | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent with snort=Manner | ||||
| 3 | snort | contempt | nom snort «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/20/75/