Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Valiant Little Tailor, sentence 43
He took the little tailor to a mighty oak tree which lay there felled on the ground, and said: ‘If you are strong enough, help me to carry the tree out of the forest.’
Who acts: tailor, mighty oak tree, you, me · What happens: take, lie, fell, say, be, help · To what, where: little tailor, mighty oak tree, ground, me, tree, forest · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Valiant Little Tailor. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tailor, mighty oak tree, you, me), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 took | nsubj |
| 2 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 tailor | det |
| 4 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 tailor | amod |
| 5 | tailor | tailor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 took | obj |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 tree | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 tree | det |
| 8 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 tree | amod |
| 9 | oak | oak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 tree | compound |
| 10 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 took | obl |
| 11 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 lay | nsubj |
| 12 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 tree | acl:relcl |
| 13 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 12 lay | advmod |
| 14 | felled | fell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 lay | xcomp |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 ground | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 ground | det |
| 17 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 felled | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 said | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 said | cc |
| 20 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 took | conj |
| 21 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 29 help | punct |
| 22 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 29 help | punct |
| 23 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 26 strong | mark |
| 24 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 26 strong | nsubj |
| 25 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 strong | cop |
| 26 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 help | advcl |
| 27 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 26 strong | advmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 strong | punct |
| 29 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 said | ccomp |
| 30 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 help | obj |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 carry | mark |
| 32 | carry | carry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 help | xcomp |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 tree | det |
| 34 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 carry | obj |
| 35 | out | out | ADP | _ | 38 forest | case |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 forest | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 forest | det |
| 38 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 carry | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 29 help | punct |
| 40 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 29 help | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | tailor | the little tailor | a mighty oak tree | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent tailor=Theme to tree=Destination | |||
| 2 | lie | past | a mighty oak tree | there | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | fell | participle | a mighty oak tree not said here | the ground | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | tailor not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | is a condition, not said to happen | present | you | enough, strong property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | help | infinitive | me | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary clause=Theme | |||||
| 7 | carry | to-infinitive | me not said here | the tree | the forest | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent tree=Theme out forest=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/19/43/