Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, What the First Little Mouse Saw and Heard on Her Travels, sentence 11

Large swans were floating upon them, and I thought at first they were only foam, they lay so still; but when I saw them walk and fly, I knew what they were directly.

Who acts: Large swans, I, swans · What happens: be, float, think, lay, see, walk · To what, where: foam · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, What the First Little Mouse Saw and Heard on Her Travels. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Large swans, I, swans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 swans	amod
2	swans	swan	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 were	nsubj
3	were	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	floating	float	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 were	xcomp
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 them	case
6	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 floating	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 thought	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 thought	cc
9	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 thought	nsubj
10	thought	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 were	conj
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 first	case
12	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	16 foam	obl
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 foam	nsubj
14	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 foam	cop
15	only	only	ADV	_	16 foam	advmod
16	foam	foam	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 thought	ccomp
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 lay	punct
18	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 lay	nsubj
19	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 foam	parataxis
20	so	so	ADV	_	21 still	advmod
21	still	still	ADV	_	19 lay	advmod
22	;	;	PUNCT	_	33 knew	punct
23	but	but	CCONJ	_	33 knew	cc
24	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	26 saw	advmod
25	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	26 saw	nsubj
26	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	33 knew	advcl
27	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 walk	nsubj
28	walk	walk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	26 saw	xcomp
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 fly	cc
30	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	28 walk	conj
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 saw	punct
32	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	33 knew	nsubj
33	knew	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 were	parataxis
34	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	37 directly	nsubj
35	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	37 directly	nsubj
36	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	37 directly	cop
37	directly	directly	ADV	_	33 knew	ccomp
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 were	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	Large swans				tree rules
2	float	gerund	Large swans not said here			upon swans = swan	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon they=Trajectory
3	think speech: other	past	I				vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is a	past	swans = swan	foam			tree rules
5	lay	present	swans = swan		still		vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
6	see	past	I				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
7	walk	infinitive	swans = swan				vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
8	fly	infinitive	swans = swan not said here				vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
9	know	past	I				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
10	is	past				directly property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/179/11/