Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, XI. the Cousin, sentence 23

Here he climbed the old linden-tree that stood near it, and began to imitate the voice of an owl, the only bird he could venture to mimic.

Who acts: catastrophe, old linden tree · What happens: climb, stand, begin, imitate, venture, mimic · To what, where: old linden tree, tree, voice, only bird

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, XI. the Cousin. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (catastrophe, old linden tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 climbed	advmod
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 climbed	nsubj
3	climbed	climb	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 tree	det
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 tree	amod
6	linden	linden	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 tree	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 linden	punct
8	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 climbed	obj
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 stood	nsubj
10	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 tree	acl:relcl
11	near	near	ADP	_	12 it	case
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 stood	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 began	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 began	cc
15	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 climbed	conj
16	to	to	PART	_	17 imitate	mark
17	imitate	imitate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 began	xcomp
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 voice	det
19	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 imitate	obj
20	of	of	ADP	_	22 owl	case
21	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 owl	det
22	owl	owl	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 voice	nmod
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 bird	punct
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 bird	det
25	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 bird	amod
26	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 owl	appos
27	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 venture	nsubj
28	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	29 venture	aux
29	venture	venture	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	26 bird	acl:relcl
30	to	to	PART	_	31 mimic	mark
31	mimic	mimic	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	29 venture	xcomp
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 climbed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	climb	past	catastrophe	the old linden tree	here	vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location tree=Theme
2	stand	past	the old linden tree		tree	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent near it=Location
3	begin	past	catastrophe not said here			vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
4	imitate	to-infinitive	catastrophe not said here	the voice of a owl		vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Theme
5	venture	could	catastrophe	the only bird not said here		tree rules
6	mimic	to-infinitive	catastrophe not said here			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/62/23/