Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, XIV. Night Visions, sentence 1
The sun had gone down, and the clouds lay low on the valley of the Rhone.
Who acts: sun, clouds · What happens: go down, lay · To what, where: valley
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, XIV. Night Visions. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, clouds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 sun | det |
| 2 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gone | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gone | aux |
| 4 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | down | down | ADP | _ | 4 gone | compound:prt |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 lay | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 lay | cc |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 clouds | det |
| 9 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 lay | nsubj |
| 10 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 gone | advcl |
| 11 | low | low | ADV | Degree=Pos | 10 lay | advmod |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 valley | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 valley | det |
| 14 | valley | valley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 lay | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 Rhone | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Rhone | det |
| 17 | Rhone | rhone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 valley | nmod |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 gone | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go down | past · perfect | the sun | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 2 | lay | present | the clouds | the valley of the Rhone | low property | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on valley=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/65/1/