Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Metal Pig, sentence 6

It was late on a winter evening; the mountains were covered with snow, but the moon shone brightly, and moonlight in Italy is like a dull winter's day in the north; indeed it is better, for clear air seems to raise us above the earth, while in the north a cold, gray, leaden sky appears to press us down to earth, even as the cold damp earth shall one day press on us in the grave.

Who acts: place, moon, moonlight, clear air, leaden sky · What happens: be, cover, shine, seem, raise, appear · To what, where: mountains, north, us, earth

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Metal Pig. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (place, moon, moonlight, clear air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 late	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 late	cop
3	late	late	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	7 evening	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 evening	det
6	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 evening	compound
7	evening	evening	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 late	obl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 covered	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 mountains	det
10	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 covered	nsubj:pass
11	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 covered	aux:pass
12	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 late	conj
13	with	with	ADP	_	14 snow	case
14	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 covered	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 shone	punct
16	but	but	CCONJ	_	19 shone	cc
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 moon	det
18	moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 shone	nsubj
19	shone	shine	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 late	parataxis
20	brightly	brightly	ADV	_	19 shone	advmod
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 moonlight	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 moonlight	cc
23	moonlight	moonlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 day	nsubj
24	in	in	ADP	_	25 Italy	case
25	Italy	Italy	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 moonlight	nmod
26	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 day	cop
27	like	like	ADP	_	32 day	case
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 winter	det
29	dull	dull	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 winter	amod
30	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 day	nmod:poss
31	's	's	PART	_	30 winter	case
32	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 shone	obl:unmarked
33	in	in	ADP	_	35 north	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 north	det
35	north	north	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 day	nmod
36	;	;	PUNCT	_	40 better	punct
37	indeed	indeed	ADV	_	40 better	advmod
38	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	40 better	expl
39	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	40 better	cop
40	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 late	conj
41	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 seems	punct
42	for	for	SCONJ	_	45 seems	mark
43	clear	clear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	44 air	amod
44	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 seems	nsubj
45	seems	seem	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	40 better	advcl
46	to	to	PART	_	47 raise	mark
47	raise	raise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	45 seems	xcomp
48	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	47 raise	obj
49	above	above	ADP	_	51 earth	case
50	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	51 earth	det
51	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 raise	obl
52	,	,	PUNCT	_	64 appears	punct
53	while	while	SCONJ	_	64 appears	mark
54	in	in	ADP	_	56 north	case
55	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	56 north	det
56	north	north	NOUN	Number=Sing	64 appears	obl
57	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	58 cold	det
58	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	56 north	conj
59	,	,	PUNCT	_	60 gray	punct
60	gray	gray	NOUN	Number=Sing	56 north	conj
61	,	,	PUNCT	_	56 north	punct
62	leaden	leaden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	63 sky	amod
63	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	64 appears	nsubj
64	appears	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	47 raise	advcl
65	to	to	PART	_	66 press	mark
66	press	press	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	64 appears	xcomp
67	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	66 press	obj
68	down	down	ADP	_	66 press	compound:prt
69	to	to	ADP	_	70 earth	case
70	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	66 press	obl
71	,	,	PUNCT	_	81 press	punct
72	even	even	ADV	_	81 press	advmod
73	as	as	ADP	_	81 press	case
74	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	77 earth	det
75	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	77 earth	amod
76	damp	damp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	77 earth	amod
77	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	81 press	nsubj
78	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	81 press	aux
79	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	80 day	nummod
80	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	81 press	compound
81	press	press	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 raise	parataxis
82	on	on	ADP	_	83 us	case
83	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	81 press	nmod
84	in	in	ADP	_	86 grave	case
85	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	86 grave	det
86	grave	grave	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 raise	obl
87	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 late	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	place			evening	late property	tree rules
2	cover	past · passive		the mountains			with snow	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with snow=Theme
3	shine	past	the moon				brightly property	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	is	present	moonlight in Italy		the north	like a dull winter's day; winter		tree rules
5	is	present	place not said here				good, indeed property	tree rules
6	seem	present	clear air					vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute
7	raise	to-infinitive	clear air not said here	us	the earth		in the grave	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent we=Theme above earth=Destination in grave=Initial_Location
8	appear	present	leaden sky		the north and a cold and gray			vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute
9	press down	to-infinitive	leaden sky not said here	us			to earth	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP ADJP-Result»: agent=Agent we=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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