Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter XIII, sentence 8
His ear knew by what successions they arrived, and by what stages they grew and diminished.
Who acts: ear, successions · What happens: know, arrive, grow, diminish · To what, where: stages
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter XIII. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ear, successions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 ear | nmod:poss |
| 2 | ear | ear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 knew | nsubj |
| 3 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 5 what | case |
| 5 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 3 knew | obl |
| 6 | successions | succession | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 arrived | nsubj |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 arrived | nsubj |
| 8 | arrived | arrive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 what | acl:relcl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 what | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 what | cc |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 what | case |
| 12 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 knew | parataxis |
| 13 | stages | stage | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 what | nsubj |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 grew | nsubj |
| 15 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 stages | acl:relcl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 diminished | cc |
| 17 | diminished | diminish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 grew | conj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 knew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | wind's ear | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | arrive | past | successions | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | grow | past | ear | stages not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location stage=Theme | ||||
| 4 | diminish | past | ear not said here | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/26/8/