Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter V. “Tell on, my love,” Finnian murmured, sentence 26
“Around me the trees were dragged from earth with dying groans; they leaped into the air and flew like birds.
Who acts: earth, trees · What happens: drag, die, leap, fly · To what, where: trees, earth, groans, air
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter V. “Tell on, my love,” Finnian murmured. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earth, trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 dragged | punct |
| 2 | Around | around | ADP | _ | 3 me | case |
| 3 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 trees | nmod:poss |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 trees | det |
| 5 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 dragged | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 dragged | aux:pass |
| 7 | dragged | drag | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 earth | case |
| 9 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 dragged | obl |
| 10 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 11 dying | mark |
| 11 | dying | die | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 earth | acl |
| 12 | groans | groan | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 dying | obj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 leaped | punct |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 leaped | nsubj |
| 15 | leaped | leap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 dragged | conj |
| 16 | into | into | ADP | _ | 18 air | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 air | det |
| 18 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 leaped | obl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 flew | cc |
| 20 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 leaped | conj |
| 21 | like | like | ADP | _ | 22 birds | case |
| 22 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 flew | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 dragged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drag in a quote | past · passive | me's trees | earth | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: subject=Theme from earth=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | die in a quote | gerund | earth not said here | groans | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | leap in a quote | past | trees = tree | the air | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into air=Destination | ||||
| 4 | fly in a quote | past | trees = tree not said here | like birds | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/6/26/