Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter IV, sentence 28

People began to look at each other questioningly, meaningly, and dark remarks passed between them, for they knew that a bad harvest means, somehow, a bad king, and, although this belief can be combated, it is too firmly rooted in wisdom to be dismissed.

Who acts: People, dark remarks, bad harvest · What happens: begin, look, pass, know, mean, combat · To what, where: belief, wisdom

This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter IV. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, dark remarks, bad harvest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 began	nsubj
2	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 look	mark
4	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 began	xcomp
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 each	case
6	each	each	DET	ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp	4 look	obl
7	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 each	fixed
8	questioningly	questioningly	ADV	_	4 look	advmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 meaningly	punct
10	meaningly	meaningly	ADV	_	8 questioningly	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 passed	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 passed	cc
13	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 remarks	amod
14	remarks	remark	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 passed	nsubj
15	passed	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 began	parataxis
16	between	between	ADP	_	17 them	case
17	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 passed	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 knew	punct
19	for	for	SCONJ	_	21 knew	mark
20	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 knew	nsubj
21	knew	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 passed	conj
22	that	that	SCONJ	_	26 means	mark
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 harvest	det
24	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 harvest	amod
25	harvest	harvest	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 means	nsubj
26	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 knew	advcl
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 king	punct
28	somehow	somehow	ADV	_	32 king	advmod
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 king	punct
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 king	det
31	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 king	amod
32	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 means	ccomp
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 rooted	punct
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	47 rooted	cc
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 and	punct
36	although	although	SCONJ	_	41 combated	mark
37	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	38 belief	det
38	belief	belief	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 combated	nsubj:pass
39	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	41 combated	aux
40	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	41 combated	aux:pass
41	combated	combat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	47 rooted	advcl
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 combated	punct
43	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	47 rooted	nsubj:pass
44	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	47 rooted	aux:pass
45	too	too	ADV	_	46 firmly	advmod
46	firmly	firmly	ADV	_	47 rooted	advmod
47	rooted	root	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	32 king	conj
48	in	in	ADP	_	49 wisdom	case
49	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 rooted	obl
50	to	to	PART	_	52 dismissed	mark
51	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	52 dismissed	aux:pass
52	dismissed	dismiss	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	49 wisdom	acl
53	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 began	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	begin	past	People				vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	look	to-infinitive	People not said here			at each; questioningly property	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at each=Theme
3	pass	past	dark remarks			between people	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme between they=Location
4	know	past	people				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
5	mean	present	a bad harvest				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
6	combat	can · passive		this belief			vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent
7	root	present · passive		belief	wisdom	firmly property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
8	dismiss	to-infinitive · passive					vn reject-77.2-1 «NP V how S»

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/65/28/