Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter X, sentence 8
Almost his heart gave way before he learned to climb that venomous hill.
Who acts: heart, head · What happens: give, learn, climb · To what, where: way, venomous hill
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter X. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heart, head), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Almost | almost | ADV | _ | 4 gave | advmod |
| 2 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 heart | nmod:poss |
| 3 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gave | nsubj |
| 4 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gave | obj |
| 6 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 8 learned | mark |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 learned | nsubj |
| 8 | learned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gave | advcl |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 climb | mark |
| 10 | climb | climb | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 learned | xcomp |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 hill | mark |
| 12 | venomous | venomous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 hill | amod |
| 13 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 climb | obj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | head's heart | way | almost property | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Theme | |||
| 2 | learn | past | head | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | climb | to-infinitive | head not said here | venomous hill | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location hill=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/71/8/