Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter III, sentence 6
Mongan’s men made a roof of their shields, and the hailstones battered on the shields so terribly that even under them they were afraid.
Who acts: men, hailstones · What happens: make, batter, be · To what, where: roof, hailstones
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter III. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, hailstones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mongan | Mongan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 men | nmod:poss |
| 2 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 1 Mongan | case |
| 3 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 made | nsubj |
| 4 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 roof | det |
| 6 | roof | roof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 made | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 shields | case |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 shields | nmod:poss |
| 9 | shields | shield | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 roof | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 battered | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 battered | cc |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 hailstones | det |
| 13 | hailstones | hailstone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 battered | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | battered | batter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 made | parataxis |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 shields | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 shields | det |
| 17 | shields | shield | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 battered | obl |
| 18 | so | so | ADV | _ | 19 terribly | advmod |
| 19 | terribly | terribly | ADV | _ | 26 afraid | advmod |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 26 afraid | mark |
| 21 | even | even | ADV | _ | 23 them | advmod |
| 22 | under | under | ADP | _ | 23 them | case |
| 23 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 afraid | nsubj |
| 24 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 afraid | nsubj |
| 25 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 afraid | cop |
| 26 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 battered | advcl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | Mongan's men | a roof of men's shields | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent roof=Product | ||||
| 2 | batter | participle · passive | the hailstones | on the shields | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Instrument on shield=Patient | ||||
| 3 | is | past | hailstones = hailstone | afraid, terribly property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/74/6/