Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Two Princes, part 2, sentence 56
Then the wise brothers said, "Let us climb up to the top of this oak and pass the night there, and then robbers will not fall upon us."--"But what will this silly donkey do with his millstone?" asked one of them.--"You look to yourselves," said Ivan, "for I mean to pass the night in this tree also."
Who acts: wise brothers, us, robbers, millstone, You, Ivan · What happens: say, let, climb up, pass, not fall, ask · To what, where: us, top, one, yourselves, tree · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Two Princes, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wise brothers, us, robbers, millstone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 said | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 brothers | det |
| 3 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 brothers | amod |
| 4 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 said | nsubj |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 Let | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 Let | punct |
| 8 | Let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 said | ccomp |
| 9 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 Let | obj |
| 10 | climb | climb | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 Let | xcomp |
| 11 | up | up | ADP | _ | 10 climb | compound:prt |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 top | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 top | det |
| 14 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 climb | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 oak | case |
| 16 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 oak | det |
| 17 | oak | oak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 top | nmod |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 pass | cc |
| 19 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 climb | conj |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 night | det |
| 21 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 pass | obj |
| 22 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 19 pass | advmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 fall | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 fall | cc |
| 25 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 26 robbers | advmod |
| 26 | robbers | robber | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 fall | nsubj |
| 27 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 fall | aux |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 29 fall | advmod |
| 29 | fall | fall | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 said | ccomp |
| 30 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 31 us | case |
| 31 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 fall | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 29 fall | punct |
| 33 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 fall | punct |
| 34 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 35 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 45 millstone | punct |
| 36 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 45 millstone | cc |
| 37 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 45 millstone | nsubj |
| 38 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 45 millstone | aux |
| 39 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 41 donkey | det |
| 40 | silly | silly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 donkey | amod |
| 41 | donkey | donkey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 millstone | nsubj |
| 42 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 millstone | aux |
| 43 | with | with | ADP | _ | 45 millstone | case |
| 44 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 45 millstone | nmod:poss |
| 45 | millstone | millstone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 asked | nsubj |
| 46 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 45 millstone | punct |
| 47 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 45 millstone | punct |
| 48 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 said | parataxis |
| 49 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 48 asked | obj |
| 50 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 them | case |
| 51 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 one | nmod |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 53 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 56 look | punct |
| 54 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 56 look | punct |
| 55 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 56 look | nsubj |
| 56 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 61 said | ccomp |
| 57 | to | to | ADP | _ | 58 yourselves | case |
| 58 | yourselves | yourselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 56 look | obl |
| 59 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 look | punct |
| 60 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 56 look | punct |
| 61 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 said | parataxis |
| 62 | Ivan | Ivan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 61 said | nsubj |
| 63 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 67 mean | punct |
| 64 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 67 mean | punct |
| 65 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 67 mean | mark |
| 66 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 67 mean | nsubj |
| 67 | mean | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 61 said | conj |
| 68 | to | to | PART | _ | 69 pass | mark |
| 69 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 67 mean | xcomp |
| 70 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 71 night | det |
| 71 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 69 pass | obj |
| 72 | in | in | ADP | _ | 74 tree | case |
| 73 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 74 tree | det |
| 74 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 69 pass | obl |
| 75 | also | also | ADV | _ | 69 pass | advmod |
| 76 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 61 said | punct |
| 77 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 61 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the wise brothers | then | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | let in a quote | infinitive | us | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | climb up in a quote | infinitive | us not said here | the top of this oak | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to top=Destination | ||||
| 4 | pass in a quote | infinitive | us not said here | there | night | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 5 | not fall in a quote | future | robbers | upon us | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon we=Location | ||||
| 6 | ask speech: ask | past | donkey's millstone | one of brothers | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent one=Recipient | ||||
| 7 | look in a quote | present | You | yourselves | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to yourselves=Theme | ||||
| 8 | say speech: assert | past | Ivan | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 9 | mean in a quote | present | Ivan | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 10 | pass not said to happen, in a quote | to-infinitive | Ivan not said here | this tree | night | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in tree=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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