The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 16, sentence 43
From the island streamed a strong light, by which they could see everything almost as clearly as if the sun had been shining, and they perceived that, lying half hidden in the rushes, was a boat.
Who acts: brothers, sun, lying · What happens: stream, see, shine, perceive, lie, hide · To what, where: strong light, island, everything, half, rushes, boat
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brothers, sun, lying), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | From | from | ADP | _ | 3 island | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 island | det |
| 3 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 streamed | obl |
| 4 | streamed | stream | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 light | det |
| 6 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 light | amod |
| 7 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 streamed | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 see | punct |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 which | case |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 see | obl |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 see | nsubj |
| 12 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 see | aux |
| 13 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 streamed | conj |
| 14 | everything | everything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 13 see | obj |
| 15 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 16 as | advmod |
| 16 | as | as | ADV | _ | 17 clearly | advmod |
| 17 | clearly | clearly | ADV | _ | 13 see | advmod |
| 18 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 24 shining | mark |
| 19 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 24 shining | mark |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 sun | det |
| 21 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 shining | nsubj |
| 22 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 shining | aux |
| 23 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 24 shining | aux |
| 24 | shining | shine | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 see | advcl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 perceived | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 perceived | cc |
| 27 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 perceived | nsubj |
| 28 | perceived | perceive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 streamed | conj |
| 29 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 40 boat | mark |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 lying | punct |
| 31 | lying | lie | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 40 boat | csubj |
| 32 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 31 lying | obj |
| 33 | hidden | hide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 half | acl |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 rushes | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 rushes | det |
| 36 | rushes | rush | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 hidden | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 lying | punct |
| 38 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 boat | cop |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 boat | det |
| 40 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 perceived | advcl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 streamed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stream | past | a strong light | the island | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location light=Theme | ||||
| 2 | see | could | brothers = brother | everything | clearly property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer everything=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | shine | past · perfect · progressive | the sun | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | perceive | past | brothers = brother | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | lie | gerund | half | vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location half=Theme | |||||
| 6 | hide | participle | half not said here | the rushes | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in rush=Location | ||||
| 7 | is a | past | lying | a boat | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/16/43/