The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 3, sentence 36
Instantly the ground opened, and the astonished king, peeping in, saw a flight of rough steps, and, at the bottom of them, the fakeer sitting, just as he used to sit, on his rickety bedstead, reading the Koran!
Who acts: ground, astonished king, fakeer, King · What happens: open, peep, see, sit, use, read · To what, where: flight, bottom, rickety bedstead, Koran
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ground, astonished king, fakeer, King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Instantly | instantly | ADV | _ | 4 opened | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 ground | det |
| 3 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 opened | nsubj |
| 4 | opened | open | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 saw | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 saw | cc |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 king | det |
| 8 | astonished | astonished | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 king | amod |
| 9 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 saw | nsubj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 peeping | punct |
| 11 | peeping | peep | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 king | acl |
| 12 | in | in | ADV | _ | 11 peeping | advmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 king | punct |
| 14 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 opened | conj |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 flight | det |
| 16 | flight | flight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 saw | obj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 steps | case |
| 18 | rough | rough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 steps | amod |
| 19 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 flight | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 bottom | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 bottom | cc |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 bottom | punct |
| 23 | at | at | ADP | _ | 25 bottom | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 bottom | det |
| 25 | bottom | bottom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 saw | obl |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 them | case |
| 27 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 bottom | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 fakeer | punct |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 fakeer | det |
| 30 | fakeer | fakeer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 bottom | appos |
| 31 | sitting | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 30 fakeer | acl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 used | punct |
| 33 | just | just | ADV | _ | 36 used | advmod |
| 34 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 36 used | mark |
| 35 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 used | nsubj |
| 36 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 sitting | parataxis |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 sit | mark |
| 38 | sit | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 used | xcomp |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 bedstead | punct |
| 40 | on | on | ADP | _ | 43 bedstead | case |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 bedstead | nmod:poss |
| 42 | rickety | rickety | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 bedstead | amod |
| 43 | bedstead | bedstead | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 sit | obl |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 reading | punct |
| 45 | reading | read | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 38 sit | advcl |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 Koran | det |
| 47 | Koran | Koran | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 reading | obj |
| 48 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 4 opened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | open | past | the ground | instantly property | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | peep | gerund | the astonished king not said here | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | see | past | the astonished king | a flight of rough steps | the bottom of steps | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer flight=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | sit | gerund | the fakeer not said here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | use | past | King | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 6 | sit | to-infinitive | King not said here | King's rickety bedstead | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on bedstead=Location | ||||
| 7 | read | gerund | King not said here | the Koran | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent koran=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/3/36/