The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 15, sentence 13
With great difficulty he scrambled over steep rocks, and forced a path through tangled thickets; but when he reached the other side the sound appeared to start from the place from which he had come.
Who acts: dog, sound · What happens: scramble, force, tangle, reach, appear, start · To what, where: steep rocks, path, tangled thickets, other side, place
This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dog, sound), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | With | with | ADP | _ | 3 difficulty | case |
| 2 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 difficulty | amod |
| 3 | difficulty | difficulty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 scrambled | obl |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 scrambled | nsubj |
| 5 | scrambled | scramble | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | over | over | ADV | _ | 7 steep | advmod |
| 7 | steep | steep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 rocks | amod |
| 8 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 scrambled | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 forced | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 forced | cc |
| 11 | forced | force | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 scrambled | conj |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 path | det |
| 13 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 forced | obj |
| 14 | through | through | ADP | _ | 16 thickets | case |
| 15 | tangled | tangle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 thickets | amod |
| 16 | thickets | thicket | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 forced | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 appeared | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 27 appeared | cc |
| 19 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 21 reached | mark |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 reached | nsubj |
| 21 | reached | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 appeared | advcl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 side | det |
| 23 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 side | amod |
| 24 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 reached | obj |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 sound | det |
| 26 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 appeared | nsubj |
| 27 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 scrambled | conj |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 start | mark |
| 29 | start | start | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 appeared | xcomp |
| 30 | from | from | ADP | _ | 32 place | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 place | det |
| 32 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 start | obl |
| 33 | from | from | ADP | _ | 34 which | case |
| 34 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 37 come | obl |
| 35 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 come | nsubj |
| 36 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 come | aux |
| 37 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 32 place | acl:relcl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 scrambled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | scramble | past | dog | steep rocks | with great difficulty | vn mix-22.1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent rock=Patient with difficulty=Co-Patient | |||
| 2 | force | past | dog not said here | a path | tangled thickets | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent path=Recipient | |||
| 3 | tangle | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | reach | past | dog | the other side | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent side=Theme | ||||
| 5 | appear | past | the sound | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 6 | start | to-infinitive | the sound not said here | the place | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 7 | come | past · perfect | dog | the place | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from which=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/15/13/