Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 1, sentence 31
They are not bare records of fact, like the Chronicles; imagination enters into their scope; non-human, miraculous incidents are allowable; their content is not a matter for faith or factual record; they may be called historical fiction, which, broadly taken, corresponded to actual events, and typified the national strivings and ideals.
Who acts: individuals, imagination, non-human miraculous incidents, content, matter · What happens: not be, enter, be, call, take, correspond · To what, where: bare records, scope, matter, individuals, historical fiction, national strivings · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (individuals, imagination, non-human miraculous incidents, content), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 records | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 records | cop |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 records | advmod |
| 4 | bare | bare | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 records | amod |
| 5 | records | record | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 fact | case |
| 7 | fact | fact | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 records | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 Chronicles | punct |
| 9 | like | like | ADP | _ | 11 Chronicles | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Chronicles | det |
| 11 | Chronicles | chronicle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 records | conj |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 enters | punct |
| 13 | imagination | imagination | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 enters | nsubj |
| 14 | enters | enter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 records | conj |
| 15 | into | into | ADP | _ | 17 scope | case |
| 16 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 scope | nmod:poss |
| 17 | scope | scope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 enters | obl |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 allowable | punct |
| 19 | non-human | non-human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 incidents | amod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 non-human | punct |
| 21 | miraculous | miraculous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 incidents | amod |
| 22 | incidents | incident | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 allowable | nsubj |
| 23 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 allowable | cop |
| 24 | allowable | allowable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 records | parataxis |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 matter | punct |
| 26 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 content | nmod:poss |
| 27 | content | content | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 matter | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 matter | cop |
| 29 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 matter | advmod |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 matter | det |
| 31 | matter | matter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 allowable | parataxis |
| 32 | for | for | ADP | _ | 33 faith | case |
| 33 | faith | faith | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 matter | nmod |
| 34 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 36 record | cc |
| 35 | factual | factual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 record | amod |
| 36 | record | record | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 faith | conj |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 41 called | punct |
| 38 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 called | nsubj:pass |
| 39 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 called | aux |
| 40 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 41 called | aux:pass |
| 41 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 matter | acl |
| 42 | historical | historical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 fiction | amod |
| 43 | fiction | fiction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 called | xcomp |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 taken | punct |
| 45 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 48 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 taken | punct |
| 47 | broadly | broadly | ADV | _ | 48 taken | advmod |
| 48 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 43 fiction | acl:relcl |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 corresponded | punct |
| 50 | corresponded | correspond | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 48 taken | conj |
| 51 | to | to | ADP | _ | 53 events | case |
| 52 | actual | actual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 53 events | amod |
| 53 | events | event | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 corresponded | obl |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 typified | punct |
| 55 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 56 typified | cc |
| 56 | typified | typify | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 allowable | conj |
| 57 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 59 strivings | det |
| 58 | national | national | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 59 strivings | amod |
| 59 | strivings | striving | NOUN | Number=Plur | 56 typified | obj |
| 60 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 61 ideals | cc |
| 61 | ideals | ideal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 59 strivings | conj |
| 62 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 records | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not is a | present | individuals = individual | bare records and the Chronicles | of fact; the Chronicles conj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | enter | present | imagination | individuals's scope | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into scope=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | is | present | non-human miraculous incidents | allowable property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | not is a | present | individuals's content | a matter | for faith or factual record | tree rules | |||
| 5 | call | may · passive | a matter not said here | individuals = individual | historical fiction xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | |||
| 6 | take | participle · passive | historical fiction | broadly property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 7 | correspond | participle | to actual events | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | typify | past | non-human miraculous incidents not said here | the national strivings and ideals | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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