Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 11, sentence 45
The grey Wolf spoke these words and went into the forest; and Iván Tsarévich wept bitterly for the grey Wolf, and went on his road with the fair Eléna on the golden-maned horse.
Who acts: grey Wolf, Iván · What happens: speak, go, weep · To what, where: words, forest, road · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grey Wolf, Iván), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Wolf | det |
| 2 | grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Wolf | amod |
| 3 | Wolf | Wolf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 spoke | nsubj |
| 4 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 6 words | det |
| 6 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 spoke | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 went | cc |
| 8 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 spoke | conj |
| 9 | into | into | ADP | _ | 11 forest | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 forest | det |
| 11 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 went | obl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 wept | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 Iván | cc |
| 14 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 wept | nsubj |
| 15 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Iván | flat |
| 16 | wept | weep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 spoke | conj |
| 17 | bitterly | bitterly | ADV | _ | 16 wept | advmod |
| 18 | for | for | ADP | _ | 21 Wolf | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Wolf | det |
| 20 | grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 Wolf | amod |
| 21 | Wolf | Wolf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 wept | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 went | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 went | cc |
| 24 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 wept | conj |
| 25 | on | on | ADP | _ | 27 road | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 road | nmod:poss |
| 27 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 went | obl |
| 28 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 Eléna | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 Eléna | det |
| 30 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 Eléna | amod |
| 31 | Eléna | Eléna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 went | obl |
| 32 | on | on | ADP | _ | 37 horse | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 horse | det |
| 34 | golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 horse | amod |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 34 golden | punct |
| 36 | maned | maned | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 horse | amod |
| 37 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 went | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 spoke | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | past | the grey Wolf | this words | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | go | past | the grey Wolf not said here | the forest | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into forest=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | weep | past | Iván | for the grey Wolf; bitterly property | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | go | past | Iván not said here | Iván's road | with the fair Eléna; on the golden maned horse | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with eléna=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/11/45/