Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 31, sentence 11
Then the cold time came, and earth began to feel the frosts.
Who acts: cold time, earth · What happens: come, begin, feel · To what, where: frosts
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cold time, earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 came | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 time | det |
| 3 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 time | amod |
| 4 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 came | nsubj |
| 5 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 began | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 began | cc |
| 8 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 began | nsubj |
| 9 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 came | conj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 feel | mark |
| 11 | feel | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 began | xcomp |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 frosts | det |
| 13 | frosts | frost | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 feel | obj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the cold time | then | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | begin | past | earth | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | feel | to-infinitive | earth not said here | the frosts | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent frost=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/31/11/