Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 31, sentence 65
And seeing this, the robbers were afraid, and collected in a circle, fell on their knees and prayed him, “Master, our father, youth mighty of prowess, we are guilty in thine eyes; and, for this our guilt, as it pleaseth thee, inflict on us a fine as much as is fit, whether it be coloured clothes or droves of horses.”
Who acts: robbers, we, dart · What happens: see, be, collect, fall, pray, please · To what, where: this, circle, knees, ROBBER, eyes, thee
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (robbers, we, dart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 2 seeing | cc |
| 2 | seeing | see | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 afraid | csubj |
| 3 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 seeing | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 seeing | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 robbers | det |
| 6 | robbers | robber | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 afraid | nsubj |
| 7 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 afraid | cop |
| 8 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 collected | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 collected | cc |
| 11 | collected | collect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 afraid | acl |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 circle | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 circle | det |
| 14 | circle | circle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 collected | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 fell | punct |
| 16 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 afraid | parataxis |
| 17 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 knees | case |
| 18 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 knees | nmod:poss |
| 19 | knees | knee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 fell | obl |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 prayed | cc |
| 21 | prayed | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 fell | conj |
| 22 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 prayed | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 Master | punct |
| 24 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 Master | punct |
| 25 | Master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 prayed | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 father | punct |
| 27 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 father | nmod:poss |
| 28 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 Master | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 youth | punct |
| 30 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 father | appos |
| 31 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 youth | amod |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 prowess | case |
| 33 | prowess | prowess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 mighty | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 guilty | punct |
| 35 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 37 guilty | nsubj |
| 36 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 guilty | cop |
| 37 | guilty | guilty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 afraid | conj |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 eyes | case |
| 39 | thine | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 40 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 40 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 guilty | obl |
| 41 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 54 inflict | punct |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 inflict | cc |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 and | punct |
| 44 | for | for | ADP | _ | 47 guilt | case |
| 45 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 47 guilt | det |
| 46 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 guilt | nmod:poss |
| 47 | guilt | guilt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 inflict | obl |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 pleaseth | punct |
| 49 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 51 pleaseth | mark |
| 50 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 pleaseth | nsubj |
| 51 | pleaseth | please | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 54 inflict | advcl |
| 52 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 51 pleaseth | obj |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 inflict | punct |
| 54 | inflict | inflict | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 afraid | conj |
| 55 | on | on | ADP | _ | 56 us | case |
| 56 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 54 inflict | obl |
| 57 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 69 clothes | det |
| 58 | fine | fine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 69 clothes | amod |
| 59 | as | as | ADV | _ | 60 much | advmod |
| 60 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 58 fine | conj |
| 61 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 63 fit | mark |
| 62 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 63 fit | cop |
| 63 | fit | fit | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 60 much | advcl |
| 64 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 69 clothes | punct |
| 65 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 69 clothes | mark |
| 66 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 69 clothes | nsubj |
| 67 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 69 clothes | cop |
| 68 | coloured | coloured | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 69 clothes | amod |
| 69 | clothes | clothes | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 54 inflict | obj |
| 70 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 71 droves | cc |
| 71 | droves | drove | NOUN | Number=Plur | 69 clothes | conj |
| 72 | of | of | ADP | _ | 73 horses | case |
| 73 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 71 droves | nmod |
| 74 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 69 clothes | punct |
| 75 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 69 clothes | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | gerund | this | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | is | past | the robbers | afraid property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | collect | participle | a circle | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | fall | past | feet's knees | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on knee=Location | |||||
| 5 | pray | past | ROBBER | Master and our father obl | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | is in a quote | present | we | thine eyes | guilty property | tree rules | |||
| 7 | please in a quote | present | dart | thee | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus thou=Experiencer | ||||
| 8 | inflict in a quote | infinitive | the robbers not said here | for our guilt; on us | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | is in a quote | present | dart not said here | fit property | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | is a in a quote | infinitive | dart | a fine coloured clothes or droves of horses | droves of horses conj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/31/65/