Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 31, sentence 73
As he entered, all the citizens of the city of Chernígov met him and gave him honour, and the Prince and Duke of Chernígov himself came out to receive the doughty youth with honour and to give thanks to the Lord God for sending such unexpected succour to the city and not letting them all perish helplessly before the mighty Saracen host.
Who acts: host, citizens, Prince · What happens: enter, meet, give, come out, receive, send · To what, where: host, honour, doughty youth, thanks, Lord God, such unexpected succour
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (host, citizens, Prince), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 3 entered | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 entered | nsubj |
| 3 | entered | enter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 met | advcl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 entered | punct |
| 5 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 7 citizens | det:predet |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 citizens | det |
| 7 | citizens | citizen | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 met | nsubj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 city | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 city | det |
| 10 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 citizens | nmod |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 Chernígov | case |
| 12 | Chernígov | Chernígov | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 city | nmod |
| 13 | met | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 met | obj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 gave | cc |
| 16 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 met | conj |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 gave | iobj |
| 18 | honour | honour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 gave | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 came | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 came | cc |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 Prince | det |
| 22 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 came | nsubj |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 Duke | cc |
| 24 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Prince | conj |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 Chernígov | case |
| 26 | Chernígov | Chernígov | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 Duke | nmod |
| 27 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 22 Prince | nmod |
| 28 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 met | conj |
| 29 | out | out | ADV | _ | 28 came | advmod |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 receive | mark |
| 31 | receive | receive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 came | xcomp |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 youth | det |
| 33 | doughty | doughty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 youth | amod |
| 34 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 receive | obj |
| 35 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 honour | case |
| 36 | honour | honour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 receive | obl |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 give | cc |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 give | mark |
| 39 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 receive | conj |
| 40 | thanks | thanks | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 give | obj |
| 41 | to | to | ADP | _ | 44 God | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 God | det |
| 43 | Lord | Lord | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 God | compound |
| 44 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 give | obl |
| 45 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 46 sending | mark |
| 46 | sending | send | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 39 give | advcl |
| 47 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 succour | amod |
| 48 | unexpected | unexpected | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 succour | amod |
| 49 | succour | succour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 sending | obj |
| 50 | to | to | ADP | _ | 52 city | case |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 city | det |
| 52 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 sending | obl |
| 53 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 55 letting | cc |
| 54 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 55 letting | advmod |
| 55 | letting | let | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 46 sending | conj |
| 56 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 58 perish | nsubj |
| 57 | all | all | ADV | _ | 58 perish | advmod |
| 58 | perish | perish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 55 letting | xcomp |
| 59 | helplessly | helplessly | ADV | _ | 58 perish | advmod |
| 60 | before | before | ADP | _ | 64 host | case |
| 61 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 host | det |
| 62 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 64 host | amod |
| 63 | Saracen | Saracen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 64 host | compound |
| 64 | host | host | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 perish | obl |
| 65 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 met | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | enter | past | host | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | meet | past | all citizens of the city of Chernígov | host | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Co-Agent | ||||
| 3 | give | past | all citizens of the city of Chernígov not said here | honour | host | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient honour=Theme | |||
| 4 | come out | past | the Prince host and Duke of Chernígov | out property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | receive | to-infinitive | the Prince host and Duke of Chernígov not said here | the doughty youth | with honour | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent youth=Theme | |||
| 6 | give | to-infinitive | the Prince host and Duke of Chernígov not said here | thanks | the Lord God | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent thanks=Theme to god=Recipient | |||
| 7 | send | gerund | the Prince host and Duke of Chernígov not said here | such unexpected succour | the city | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent succour=Theme to city=Destination | |||
| 8 | not let | gerund | the Prince host and Duke of Chernígov not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | perish | present | citizens = citizen | before the mighty Saracen host | all, helplessly property | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/31/73/