Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 31, sentence 81
Ilyá Múromets took out his strong bow, put a tempered dart to it, and shot it at the nest of the Nightingale Robber; it fell into his right eye and went beyond.
Who acts: Ilyá Múromets, nest · What happens: take out, put, temper, shoot, fall, go · To what, where: strong bow, tempered dart, dart, bow, nest, right eye
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ilyá Múromets, nest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ilyá | Ilyá | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Múromets | compound |
| 2 | Múromets | múromet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 took | nsubj |
| 3 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 3 took | compound:prt |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 bow | nmod:poss |
| 6 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 bow | amod |
| 7 | bow | bow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 took | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 put | punct |
| 9 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 took | conj |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 dart | det |
| 11 | tempered | temper | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 dart | amod |
| 12 | dart | dart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 put | obj |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 it | case |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 put | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 shot | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 shot | cc |
| 17 | shot | shoot | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | parataxis |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 shot | obj |
| 19 | at | at | ADP | _ | 21 nest | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 nest | det |
| 21 | nest | nest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 shot | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 Nightingale | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 Nightingale | det |
| 24 | Nightingale | Nightingale | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 nest | nmod |
| 25 | Robber | Robber | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 Nightingale | flat |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 fell | punct |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 fell | nsubj |
| 28 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | parataxis |
| 29 | into | into | ADP | _ | 32 eye | case |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 eye | nmod:poss |
| 31 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 eye | amod |
| 32 | eye | eye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 fell | obl |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 went | cc |
| 34 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 fell | conj |
| 35 | beyond | beyond | ADV | _ | 34 went | advmod |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take out | past | Ilyá Múromets | ROBBER's strong bow | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bow=Theme | ||||
| 2 | put | infinitive | Ilyá Múromets not said here | a tempered dart | dart | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent dart=Goal | |||
| 3 | temper | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | shoot | past | bow | the nest of the Nightingale | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme at nest=Destination | ||||
| 5 | fall | past | nest | into ROBBER's right eye result | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into eye=Result | ||||
| 6 | go | past | nest not said here | beyond property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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