Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Almet., sentence 10
‘Wretched mortals,’ said I, ‘to what purpose are you busy?
Who acts: Wretched mortals, I · What happens: say, ‘, be · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Almet.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wretched mortals, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 mortals | punct |
| 2 | Wretched | wretched | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 mortals | amod |
| 3 | mortals | mortal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 said | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 mortals | punct |
| 5 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 mortals | punct |
| 6 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 ‘ | nsubj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 ‘ | punct |
| 9 | ‘ | ‘ | VERB | Mood=Sub Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 said | ccomp |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 what | case |
| 11 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 15 busy | nsubj |
| 12 | purpose | purpose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 what | nsubj |
| 13 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 busy | cop |
| 14 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 15 busy | nsubj |
| 15 | busy | busy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 ‘ | ccomp |
| 16 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Wretched mortals | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | ‘ | infinitive | I | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | is | present | what purpose nsubj; you nsubj; busy property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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