The Violet Fairy Book, Stan Bolovan, sentence 47

For at midnight he heard a rushing noise, and through the air flew a dragon, who drove apart a ram, a sheep, and a lamb, and three fine cattle that were lying down close by.

Who acts: Stan, air, dragon, three fine cattle · What happens: hear, rush, fly, drive, lie down · To what, where: rushing noise, dragon, ram

This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Stan Bolovan. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Stan, air, dragon, three fine cattle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	For	for	ADP	_	3 midnight	case
2	at	at	ADP	_	3 midnight	case
3	midnight	midnight	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 heard	obl
4	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 heard	nsubj
5	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 noise	det
7	rushing	rush	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 noise	amod
8	noise	noise	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 heard	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 flew	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 flew	cc
11	through	through	ADP	_	13 air	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 air	det
13	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 flew	nsubj
14	flew	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 heard	parataxis
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 dragon	det
16	dragon	dragon	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 flew	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 drove	punct
18	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	19 drove	nsubj
19	drove	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 dragon	acl:relcl
20	apart	apart	ADV	_	19 drove	advmod
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 ram	det
22	ram	ram	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 drove	obj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 sheep	punct
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 sheep	det
25	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 ram	appos
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 lamb	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 lamb	cc
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 lamb	det
29	lamb	lamb	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 flew	conj
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 cattle	punct
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 cattle	cc
32	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	34 cattle	nummod
33	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 cattle	amod
34	cattle	cattle	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 heard	obl
35	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	37 lying	nsubj
36	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	37 lying	aux
37	lying	lie	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	34 cattle	acl:relcl
38	down	down	ADV	_	37 lying	advmod
39	close	close	ADV	Degree=Pos	37 lying	advmod
40	by	by	ADP	_	39 close	fixed
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 heard	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	hear	past	Stan	a rushing noise	midnight	three fine cattle obl	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer noise=Stimulus
2	rush	gerund					vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	fly	past	the air	a dragon			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location dragon=Theme
4	drive	past	a dragon	a ram		apart property	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ram=Theme
5	lie down	past · progressive	three fine cattle			close, down property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/13/47/