Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 3, sentence 20

The drought drives the dust on high, flying over the face of the land; the angry wind of the welkin wrestles with the sun; the leaves fall from the trees and light upon the ground, and all brown are the groves that but now were green, and ripe is the fruit that once was flower.

Who acts: drought, leaves, groves, ripe, that · What happens: drive, fly, fall, be, wind · To what, where: dust, high, face, trees, groves, fruit

This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (drought, leaves, groves, ripe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 drought	det
2	drought	drought	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drives	nsubj
3	drives	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 dust	det
5	dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drives	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	7 high	case
7	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 drives	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 flying	punct
9	flying	fly	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 drives	advcl
10	over	over	ADP	_	12 face	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 face	det
12	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 flying	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 land	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 land	det
15	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 face	nmod
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 wind	punct
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 wind	det
18	angry	angry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 wind	amod
19	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drives	obl
20	of	of	ADP	_	23 wrestles	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 wrestles	det
22	welkin	welkin	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 wrestles	compound
23	wrestles	wrestle	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 wind	nmod
24	with	with	ADP	_	26 sun	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 sun	det
26	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 wrestles	nmod
27	;	;	PUNCT	_	30 fall	punct
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 leaves	det
29	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 fall	nsubj
30	fall	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 drives	parataxis
31	from	from	ADP	_	33 trees	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 trees	det
33	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 fall	obl
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 light	cc
35	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 trees	conj
36	upon	upon	ADP	_	38 ground	case
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 ground	det
38	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 light	nmod
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 groves	punct
40	and	and	CCONJ	_	45 groves	cc
41	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	45 groves	det
42	brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	41 all	amod
43	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	45 groves	cop
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	45 groves	det
45	groves	grove	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 fall	obl
46	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	50 green	nsubj
47	but	but	CCONJ	_	50 green	cc
48	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	50 green	advmod
49	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	50 green	cop
50	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	45 groves	acl:relcl
51	,	,	PUNCT	_	56 fruit	punct
52	and	and	CCONJ	_	56 fruit	cc
53	ripe	ripe	NOUN	Number=Sing	56 fruit	nsubj
54	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	56 fruit	cop
55	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	56 fruit	det
56	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 fall	parataxis
57	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	60 flower	nsubj
58	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	60 flower	advmod
59	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	60 flower	cop
60	flower	flower	NOUN	Number=Sing	56 fruit	conj
61	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 drives	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drive	present	the drought	the dust	high		the angry wind of the welkin wrestles with the sun obl	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent dust=Theme on high=Destination
2	fly	gerund	the drought not said here		the face of the land			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over face=Location
3	fall	present	the leaves		the trees and light upon the ground			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from tree=Initial_Location
4	is a	present		all groves				tree rules
5	is	past	all groves			now	green property	tree rules
6	is a	present	ripe	the fruit and flower				tree rules
7	is a	past	that	flower			once property	tree rules
8	wind			the welkin wrestles with the sun				nom wind «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/3/20/

🌲 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 3, sentence 20

The tree

Pragmatics

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 3, sentence 20