Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 78
Passing strong cords of cocoanut fibre under the keel, they lifted the boat, with several chiefs resting upon a small deck which partially covered the canoe.
Who acts: cords, several chiefs · What happens: pass, lift, rest, cover · To what, where: strong cords, keel, boat, small deck
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cords, several chiefs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Passing | pass | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 lifted | advcl |
| 2 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 cords | amod |
| 3 | cords | cord | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Passing | obj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 fibre | case |
| 5 | cocoanut | cocoanut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 fibre | compound |
| 6 | fibre | fibre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 cords | nmod |
| 7 | under | under | ADP | _ | 9 keel | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 keel | det |
| 9 | keel | keel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Passing | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Passing | punct |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 lifted | nsubj |
| 12 | lifted | lift | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 boat | det |
| 14 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 lifted | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 chiefs | punct |
| 16 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 chiefs | case |
| 17 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 chiefs | amod |
| 18 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 lifted | conj |
| 19 | resting | rest | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 chiefs | acl |
| 20 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 23 deck | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 deck | det |
| 22 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 deck | amod |
| 23 | deck | deck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 resting | obl |
| 24 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 covered | obj |
| 25 | partially | partially | ADV | _ | 26 covered | advmod |
| 26 | covered | cover | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 deck | acl:relcl |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 canoe | det |
| 28 | canoe | canoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 covered | obj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 lifted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass | gerund | cords = cord not said here | strong cords of cocoanut fibre | the keel | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent cord=Theme under keel=Destination | |||
| 2 | lift | past | cords = cord | the boat | several chiefs conj | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Theme | |||
| 3 | rest | gerund | several chiefs not said here | a small deck | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon deck=Location | ||||
| 4 | cover | past | a small deck | the canoe obj; partially property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/7/78/