Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army, sentence 40
It continued to ascend and spread abroad until the whole region was enveloped and the light of day was entirely excluded.
Who acts: thunder · What happens: continue, ascend, spread, envelop, exclude, light · To what, where: whole region, light, day
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thunder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 continued | nsubj |
| 2 | continued | continue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | PART | _ | 4 ascend | mark |
| 4 | ascend | ascend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 continued | xcomp |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 spread | cc |
| 6 | spread | spread | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 ascend | conj |
| 7 | abroad | abroad | ADV | _ | 6 spread | advmod |
| 8 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 13 enveloped | mark |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 region | det |
| 10 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 region | amod |
| 11 | region | region | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 enveloped | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 enveloped | aux:pass |
| 13 | enveloped | envelop | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 spread | advcl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 excluded | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 light | det |
| 16 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 excluded | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 day | case |
| 18 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 light | nmod |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 excluded | aux:pass |
| 20 | entirely | entirely | ADV | _ | 21 excluded | advmod |
| 21 | excluded | exclude | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 enveloped | conj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 continued | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | continue | past | thunder | vn continue-55.3 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | ascend | to-infinitive | thunder not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | spread | infinitive | thunder not said here | abroad property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | envelop | past · passive | the whole region | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme | |||||
| 5 | exclude | past · passive | the light of day | entirely property | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 6 | light | day | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/21/40/