Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Changes in Kilauea Crater, sentence 11
There are hints of these changes in the traditions of the Hawaiians, but it is impossible to know exactly what is meant.
Who acts: hints, changes · What happens: be, know, mean, hint · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Changes in Kilauea Crater. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hints, changes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 are | expl |
| 2 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | hints | hint | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 are | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 changes | case |
| 5 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 6 changes | det |
| 6 | changes | change | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 hints | nmod |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 traditions | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 traditions | det |
| 9 | traditions | tradition | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 changes | nmod |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 Hawaiians | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Hawaiians | det |
| 12 | Hawaiians | Hawaiian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 9 traditions | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 impossible | punct |
| 14 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 17 impossible | cc |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 impossible | expl |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 impossible | cop |
| 17 | impossible | impossible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 are | conj |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 know | mark |
| 19 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 impossible | csubj |
| 20 | exactly | exactly | ADV | _ | 21 what | advmod |
| 21 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 23 meant | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 meant | aux:pass |
| 23 | meant | mean | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 know | ccomp |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 are | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | does | present | hints of this changes in the traditions of the Hawaiians | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | present | hints of this changes in the traditions of the Hawaiians not said here | impossible property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | know | to-infinitive | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||||
| 4 | mean | present · passive | what nsubj:pass | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | |||||
| 5 | hint | this changes in the traditions of the Hawaiians | nom hint «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/28/11/