Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Changes in Kilauea Crater, sentence 8
This elevation shows that at one time the lake of fire had its real crater rim extending far back of the site of the Volcano Hotel and very much higher than at present, and that great floods of lava were poured out over the surrounding country at a height impossible for the new crater to attain.
Who acts: elevation, lake, real crater rim, that · What happens: show, have, extend, flood, pour out, attain · To what, where: real crater rim, great floods, surrounding country · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Changes in Kilauea Crater. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elevation, lake, real crater rim, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 elevation | det |
| 2 | elevation | elevation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 shows | nsubj |
| 3 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 had | mark |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 time | case |
| 6 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 time | nummod |
| 7 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 had | obl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 lake | det |
| 9 | lake | lake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 had | nsubj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 fire | case |
| 11 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 lake | nmod |
| 12 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 shows | ccomp |
| 13 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 rim | nmod:poss |
| 14 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 rim | amod |
| 15 | crater | crater | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 rim | compound |
| 16 | rim | rim | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 had | obj |
| 17 | extending | extend | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 rim | acl |
| 18 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 19 back | advmod |
| 19 | back | back | ADV | _ | 17 extending | advmod |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 site | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 site | det |
| 22 | site | site | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 back | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 Hotel | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 Hotel | det |
| 25 | Volcano | Volcano | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Hotel | compound |
| 26 | Hotel | Hotel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 site | nmod |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 higher | cc |
| 28 | very | very | ADV | _ | 29 much | advmod |
| 29 | much | much | ADV | _ | 30 higher | advmod |
| 30 | higher | high | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 26 Hotel | conj |
| 31 | than | than | ADP | _ | 33 present | case |
| 32 | at | at | ADP | _ | 33 present | case |
| 33 | present | present | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 higher | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 poured | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 poured | cc |
| 36 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 38 floods | nsubj |
| 37 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 floods | amod |
| 38 | floods | flood | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 poured | nsubj:pass |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 lava | case |
| 40 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 floods | nmod |
| 41 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 poured | aux:pass |
| 42 | poured | pour | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 shows | parataxis |
| 43 | out | out | ADV | _ | 42 poured | advmod |
| 44 | over | over | ADP | _ | 47 country | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 country | det |
| 46 | surrounding | surrounding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 country | compound |
| 47 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 poured | obl |
| 48 | at | at | ADP | _ | 50 height | case |
| 49 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 50 height | det |
| 50 | height | height | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 poured | obl |
| 51 | impossible | impossible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 poured | xcomp |
| 52 | for | for | ADP | _ | 55 crater | case |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 crater | det |
| 54 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 55 crater | amod |
| 55 | crater | crater | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 poured | obl |
| 56 | to | to | PART | _ | 57 attain | mark |
| 57 | attain | attain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 42 poured | advcl |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 shows | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present | this elevation | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | have | past | the lake of fire | lake's real crater rim | time | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rim=Patient | |||
| 3 | extend | gerund | lake's real crater rim not said here | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | flood | that | of lava | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | pour out | past · passive | great floods | the surrounding country | at a height; for the new crater; impossible, out property | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Patient for crater=Beneficiary | |||
| 6 | attain | to-infinitive | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/28/8/