The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine, sentence 18
He went on into the cedars, and came to a ravine leading up the hill and followed it.
Who acts: boy, ravine · What happens: go on, come, lead up, follow · To what, where: cedars, ravine, hill
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, ravine), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 went | nsubj |
| 2 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | on | on | ADV | _ | 2 went | advmod |
| 4 | into | into | ADP | _ | 6 cedars | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 cedars | det |
| 6 | cedars | cedar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 went | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 came | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 came | cc |
| 9 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | parataxis |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 ravine | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 ravine | det |
| 12 | ravine | ravine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 came | obl |
| 13 | leading | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 ravine | acl |
| 14 | up | up | ADP | _ | 13 leading | compound:prt |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 hill | det |
| 16 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 leading | obj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 followed | cc |
| 18 | followed | follow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 came | conj |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 followed | obj |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go on | past | boy | the cedars | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | come | past | a ravine | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to ravine=Initial_Location | |||||
| 3 | lead up | gerund | a ravine not said here | the hill | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | follow | past | hill | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/18/