The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker, sentence 32
One evening, Plover Call, the daughter, went out to gather the night’s wood, and while she was lashing a pile of it to carry in she happened to look up, and saw standing near a man wearing his robe hair side out.
Who acts: Plover · What happens: go out, gather, lash, carry, happen, look up · To what, where: wood, pile, hair side
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Plover), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 evening | nummod |
| 2 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 went | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 evening | punct |
| 4 | Plover | Plover | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 went | nsubj |
| 5 | Call | Call | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Plover | flat |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 daughter | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 daughter | det |
| 8 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 Plover | appos |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Plover | punct |
| 10 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | out | out | ADV | _ | 10 went | advmod |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 gather | mark |
| 13 | gather | gather | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 went | xcomp |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 night | det |
| 15 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 wood | nmod:poss |
| 16 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 15 night | case |
| 17 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 gather | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 lashing | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 lashing | cc |
| 20 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 23 lashing | mark |
| 21 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 lashing | nsubj |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 lashing | aux |
| 23 | lashing | lash | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 went | advcl |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 pile | det |
| 25 | pile | pile | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 lashing | obj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 it | case |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 pile | nmod |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 carry | mark |
| 29 | carry | carry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 lashing | advcl |
| 30 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 32 happened | mark |
| 31 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 happened | nsubj |
| 32 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 carry | ccomp |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 look | mark |
| 34 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 happened | xcomp |
| 35 | up | up | ADP | _ | 34 look | compound:prt |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 saw | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 saw | cc |
| 38 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 went | conj |
| 39 | standing | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 38 saw | xcomp |
| 40 | near | near | ADP | _ | 42 man | case |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 man | det |
| 42 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 standing | obl |
| 43 | wearing | wear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 39 standing | advcl |
| 44 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 side | nmod:poss |
| 45 | robe | robe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 hair | compound |
| 46 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 side | compound |
| 47 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 wearing | obj |
| 48 | out | out | ADV | _ | 43 wearing | advmod |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go out | past | Plover | evening | out property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | gather | to-infinitive | Plover not said here | the night's wood | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wood=Theme | ||||
| 3 | lash | past · progressive | Plover | a pile of cold | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pile=Patient | ||||
| 4 | carry | to-infinitive | Plover not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | happen | past | Plover | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | look up | to-infinitive | Plover not said here | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 7 | see | past | Plover not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 8 | stand | gerund | Plover not said here | near a man | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent near man=Location | ||||
| 9 | wear | gerund | Plover not said here | man's hair side | out property | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent side=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/12/32/