The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Little Friend Coyote, sentence 27
Although these two tribes, the Blackfeet and Kutenais, had once been very friendly to each other, they were now at war.
Who acts: parties · What happens: be · To what, where: war
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Little Friend Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (parties), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Although | although | SCONJ | _ | 4 tribes | case |
| 2 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 4 tribes | det |
| 3 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 tribes | nummod |
| 4 | tribes | tribe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 friendly | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 Blackfeet | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Blackfeet | det |
| 7 | Blackfeet | Blackfeet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 tribes | appos |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 Kutenais | cc |
| 9 | Kutenais | Kutenais | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Blackfeet | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 tribes | punct |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 friendly | aux |
| 12 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 15 friendly | advmod |
| 13 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 friendly | cop |
| 14 | very | very | ADV | _ | 15 friendly | advmod |
| 15 | friendly | friendly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 each | case |
| 17 | each | each | DET | ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp | 15 friendly | obl |
| 18 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 each | fixed |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 war | punct |
| 20 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 war | nsubj |
| 21 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 war | cop |
| 22 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 war | advmod |
| 23 | at | at | ADP | _ | 24 war | case |
| 24 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 friendly | parataxis |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 friendly | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past · perfect | although this two tribes; to each; friendly, once property | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | is | past | parties = party | war | now | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/18/27/