Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., sentence 15
As they became richer they bought slaves and canoes and lived in separate houses, each man having one wife.
Who acts: friends, man · What happens: become, buy, live, have · To what, where: slaves, separate houses, one wife
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friends, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 3 became | mark |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 became | nsubj |
| 3 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | richer | rich | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 became | xcomp |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 bought | nsubj |
| 6 | bought | buy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 became | conj |
| 7 | slaves | slave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 bought | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 canoes | cc |
| 9 | canoes | canoe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 slaves | conj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 lived | cc |
| 11 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 bought | conj |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 houses | case |
| 13 | separate | separate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 houses | amod |
| 14 | houses | house | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 lived | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 having | punct |
| 16 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 17 man | det |
| 17 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 having | nsubj |
| 18 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 lived | advcl |
| 19 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 20 wife | nummod |
| 20 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 having | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 became | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | past | friends = friend | rich property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | buy | past | friends = friend | slaves and canoes | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slave=Theme | ||||
| 3 | live | past | friends = friend not said here | separate houses | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in house=Location | ||||
| 4 | have | gerund | each man | one wife | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wife=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/12/15/