Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water., sentence 72
When this drum was beaten with two soft pieces of wood, the sound carried for a great distance.
Who acts: sound · What happens: beat, carry · To what, where: drum
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sound), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 beaten | advmod |
| 2 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 drum | det |
| 3 | drum | drum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 beaten | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 beaten | aux:pass |
| 5 | beaten | beat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 pieces | case |
| 7 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 pieces | nummod |
| 8 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 pieces | amod |
| 9 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 beaten | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 wood | case |
| 11 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 pieces | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 carried | punct |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 sound | det |
| 14 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 carried | nsubj |
| 15 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 beaten | conj |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 distance | case |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 distance | det |
| 18 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 distance | amod |
| 19 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 carried | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 beaten | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | beat | past · passive | this drum | with two soft pieces of wood | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with piece=Instrument | ||||
| 2 | carry | past | the sound | for a great distance | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/72/