Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, sentence 14
Oga at once replied that the sores never hurt him, and he only sat down so that the people should not look at him.
Who acts: Oga, sores, people · What happens: reply, not hurt, sit down, not look · To what, where: Oga · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Oga, sores, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oga | Oga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 replied | nsubj |
| 2 | at | at | ADP | _ | 3 once | case |
| 3 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 4 replied | obl |
| 4 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 hurt | mark |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 sores | det |
| 7 | sores | sore | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 hurt | nsubj |
| 8 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 9 hurt | advmod |
| 9 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 replied | ccomp |
| 10 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 hurt | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 sat | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 sat | cc |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 sat | nsubj |
| 14 | only | only | ADV | _ | 15 sat | advmod |
| 15 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 replied | conj |
| 16 | down | down | ADP | _ | 15 sat | compound:prt |
| 17 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 23 look | mark |
| 18 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 so | fixed |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 people | det |
| 20 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 look | nsubj |
| 21 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 look | aux |
| 22 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 23 look | advmod |
| 23 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 sat | advcl |
| 24 | at | at | ADP | _ | 25 him | case |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 look | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 replied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reply speech: assert | past | Oga | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | not hurt | past | the sores | Oga | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Patient | ||||
| 3 | sit down | past | Oga | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | not look | should | the people | at Oga | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at he=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/14/