Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2, sentence 12
When the people heard this they stopped eating, and having collected all their food they put it in the Egbo house and told the hare to stop there.
Who acts: people · What happens: hear, stop, eat, collect, put, tell · To what, where: this, food, Egbo house, hare · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 heard | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 people | det |
| 3 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 heard | nsubj |
| 4 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 heard | obj |
| 6 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 stopped | nsubj |
| 7 | stopped | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 heard | conj |
| 8 | eating | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 stopped | xcomp |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 collected | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 collected | cc |
| 11 | having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 collected | aux |
| 12 | collected | collect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 heard | parataxis |
| 13 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 15 food | det:predet |
| 14 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 food | nmod:poss |
| 15 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 collected | obj |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 put | nsubj |
| 17 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 food | acl:relcl |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 put | obj |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 house | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 house | det |
| 21 | Egbo | Egbo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 house | compound |
| 22 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 put | obl |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 told | cc |
| 24 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 collected | conj |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 hare | det |
| 26 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 told | iobj |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 stop | mark |
| 28 | stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 told | xcomp |
| 29 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 28 stop | advmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | the people | this | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | stop | past | people | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | eat | gerund | people not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | collect | gerund · perfect | people's food | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme | |||||
| 5 | put | past | people | food | the Egbo house | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme in house=Destination | |||
| 6 | tell speech: assert | past | the hare | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent hare=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 7 | stop not said to happen | to-infinitive | there | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/12/