Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2, sentence 64
His friend gladly consented to help him, and soon after he had gone inside the hare’s wife appeared and put down her load.
Who acts: friend, wife · What happens: consent, help, go, appear, put down · To what, where: friend, load
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friend, wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 friend | nmod:poss |
| 2 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 consented | nsubj |
| 3 | gladly | gladly | ADV | _ | 4 consented | advmod |
| 4 | consented | consent | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 help | mark |
| 6 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 consented | advcl |
| 7 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 help | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 gone | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 gone | cc |
| 10 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 14 gone | advmod |
| 11 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 14 gone | mark |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 gone | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 gone | aux |
| 14 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 consented | parataxis |
| 15 | inside | inside | ADP | _ | 20 appeared | mark |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 hare | det |
| 17 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 wife | nmod:poss |
| 18 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 17 hare | case |
| 19 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 appeared | nsubj |
| 20 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 gone | advcl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 put | cc |
| 22 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 appeared | conj |
| 23 | down | down | ADP | _ | 22 put | compound:prt |
| 24 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 load | nmod:poss |
| 25 | load | load | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 put | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 consented | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | consent | participle | hare's friend | gladly property | vn acquiesce-95.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | help | to-infinitive | hare's friend not said here | friend | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary | ||||
| 3 | go | past · perfect | friend | soon property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | appear | past | the hare's wife | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | put down | past | the hare's wife not said here | wife's load | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent load=Goal |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/64/