Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 39
When the spider saw the grasshopper had arrived and was busily engaged dancing, being very hungry he stole off by himself to the room where the food was and put his hand into the pot.
Who acts: spider, grasshopper, food · What happens: see, arrive, engage, be, steal off · To what, where: engaged dancing, pot · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spider, grasshopper, food), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 saw | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 spider | det |
| 3 | spider | spider | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 saw | nsubj |
| 4 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 grasshopper | det |
| 6 | grasshopper | grasshopper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 arrived | nsubj |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 arrived | aux |
| 8 | arrived | arrive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 saw | ccomp |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 dancing | cc |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 dancing | cop |
| 11 | busily | busily | ADV | _ | 13 dancing | advmod |
| 12 | engaged | engage | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 dancing | amod |
| 13 | dancing | dancing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 arrived | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 hungry | punct |
| 15 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 hungry | cop |
| 16 | very | very | ADV | _ | 17 hungry | advmod |
| 17 | hungry | hungry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 arrived | advcl |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 stole | nsubj |
| 19 | stole | steal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 hungry | acl:relcl |
| 20 | off | off | ADP | _ | 19 stole | compound:prt |
| 21 | by | by | ADP | _ | 22 himself | case |
| 22 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 19 stole | obl |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 room | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 room | det |
| 25 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 stole | obl |
| 26 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 31 put | advmod |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 food | det |
| 28 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 put | nsubj |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 put | cop |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 put | cc |
| 31 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 room | acl:relcl |
| 32 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 hand | nmod:poss |
| 33 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 put | obj |
| 34 | into | into | ADP | _ | 36 pot | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 pot | det |
| 36 | pot | pot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 put | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | the spider | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | arrive | past · perfect | the grasshopper | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | engage | participle | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-2 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 4 | is a | past | the grasshopper not said here | engaged dancing | busily property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | is | gerund | the grasshopper not said here | hungry property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | steal off | past | grasshopper | by grasshopper; to the room | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by himself=Location | ||||
| 7 | is | past | the food | the pot | grasshopper's hand obj; put property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/39/