Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 16
As it was quite dark and such a noise was going on, no one missed the boy or saw what had happened.
Who acts: rock, noise, dark one · What happens: be, go on, miss, see, happen · To what, where: boy · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rock, noise, dark one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 5 dark | mark |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 dark | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 dark | cop |
| 4 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 5 dark | advmod |
| 5 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 one | amod |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 going | cc |
| 7 | such | such | DET | PronType=Ind | 9 noise | det:predet |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 noise | det |
| 9 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 going | nsubj |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 going | aux |
| 11 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 dark | conj |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 going | compound:prt |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 dark | punct |
| 14 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 15 one | det |
| 15 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 missed | nsubj |
| 16 | missed | miss | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 boy | det |
| 18 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 missed | obj |
| 19 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 20 saw | cc |
| 20 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 missed | conj |
| 21 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 23 happened | nsubj |
| 22 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 happened | aux |
| 23 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 saw | ccomp |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 missed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | rock | dark property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | go on | past · progressive | such noise | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | miss | past | no dark one | the boy | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer boy=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | see | past | no dark one not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | happen | past · perfect | what nsubj | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/16/